SUDHA MURTHY

                                                         SUDHA MURTHY
Sudha Murthy is an Indian social worker and author. Murthy began her professional career as a computer scientist and engineer. She is the chairperson of the Infosys Foundation and a member of public health care initiatives of the Gates Foundation. She has founded several orphanages, participated in rural development efforts, supported the movement to provide all Karnataka government schools with computer and library facilities, and established the 'The Murthy Classical Library of India' at Harvard University. Murthy also teaches computer science and composes fiction. Dollar Sose (English: Dollar Daughter-in-Law), a novel originally authored by her in Kannada and later translated into English as Dollar Bahu, in 2001. Murthy has also acted in Marathi film Pitruroon and Kannada film Prarthana.

 
EARLY LIFE
Sudha Murthy was born on 19 August 1950, in Shiggaon in northern Karnataka, India. The daughter of a famous surgeon Dr. R.H. Kulkarni, Murty and her siblings were raised by her parents and maternal grandparents. These childhood experiences form the historical basis for her first notable work entitled ‘How I Taught my Grandmother to Read & Other Stories’. Two institutions of higher learning, the H.R. Kadim Diwan Building housing the Computer Science & Engineering (CSE) department at IIT Kanpur and the Narayan Rao Melgiri Memorial National Law Library at NLSIU, were both endowed and inaugurated by the Infosys Foundation.
Murthy completed B.E. in Electrical Engineering from the B.V.B. College of Engineering & Technology, standing first in her class and receiving a gold medal from the Chief Minister of Karnataka. Thereafter, she completed an M.E. in Computer Science from the Indian Institute of Science, standing first in her class and receiving a gold medal from the Indian Institute of Engineers.
After graduation, Murthy became the first female engineer hired at India's largest auto manufacturer TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company or TELCO. Murthy had written a postcard to the company's Chairman complaining of the "men only" gender bias at TELCO. As a result, she was granted a special interview and hired immediately. She met N.R. Narayana Murthy while employed as an engineer at TELCO in Pune, and the two got married.

INFOSYS FOUNDATION
Murthy who heads as the chairperson of Infosys Foundation as well as the seed investor behind Infosys and venture capital firm Catamaran Ventures.

AWARDS
In 2004, Murthy was presented with the Raja-Lakshmi Award "in recognition of her outstanding contribution to social work" by the Sri Raja-Lakshmi Foundation in Chennai.
In 2006, Murthy was awarded the Padma Shri, the fourth highest-ranking civilian award from the Government of India, and received an honorary doctorate for her contributions in the spheres of social work, philanthropy, and education.
In 2011, Murthy was conferred honorary LL.D (Doctor of Laws) degrees for their contributions to promote formal legal education and scholarship in India. She was the recipient of the R.K. Narayana's Award for Literature and the Padma Shri in 2006.

WRITINGS
Murthy is a prolific fiction author in Kannada and English. She has published several books, mainly through Penguin, that espouse her philosophical views on charity, hospitality and self-realization through fictional narratives. Some of her notable books in Kannada are Dollar Sose, Runa, Kaveri inda Mekaangige, Hakkiya Teradalli, Athirikthe, Guttondu Heluve. The book ‘How I Taught My Grandmother to Read & Other Stories’ has been translated into 15 languages including Hindi, Marathi and Assamese. Her latest book is ‘The Day I Stopped Drinking Milk’. Other notable books by her are Wise and Otherwise, Old Man and his God and Gently Falls the Bakula.

Gopalaswamy Doraiswamy Naidu , Gorur Ramaswamy Gopinath

                                      Gopalaswamy Doraiswamy Naidu


Gopalaswamy Doraiswamy Naidu was an Indian engineer and inventor. He is commonly referred to as the ‘Edison of India’ for his significant contributions to the fields of technology, industry and development.
            G.D.Naidu was born on March 1893 in Kalangal, India. He was a mischievous child at school and was frequently punished for his habit of hurling sand at teachers during classes. He once lit a stack of hay on fire, simply to see what would happen. Overtime, Naidu would come to appreciate the importance and value of a proper and comprehensive education.

The significant moment of Naidu’s life came when he was still a youngster. A foreigner had ridden through the village of Kalangal on a motorcycle. The majority of the people in the village ignored the foreigner but for Niadu, this sight of the motorcycle – cutting the silence of the village with the roar of its churning dust in its wake was inspiring. Naidu kept an eye out at all times for another glimpse of the vehicle and felt desperate. He left behind the tranquil peace of his village in search of technology and modern achievements.
            Coimbatore was a city ripe with opportunity, and Naidu wasted no time. The first thing he did was got a job as a waiter to accomplish his dreams, and so worked diligently and saved money. He tracked down the foreigner and succeeded in getting the motorcycle for 400 rupees from him. He picked up the habit of riding the trains from city to city. He relished the ability to travel so quickly. He became familiar with how the engine operated, in procuring a job as a mechanic.
            In 1920 Naidu expanded his horizons and set up his own business. He also dabbled in the cotton business. Overtime his transport business expanded and UMS, (Universal Motor Service) of public transport vehicles in the country. His passion for technology extended to cameras and film. He filmed the funeral of King George in London. He even secured manufacturing razors contracts with Adolf Hitler. He tried his hand at politics, but lost the 1936 provincial General elections. He was gifted a Rolls-Royce car, making him one of the very few and elite Indian’s who possessed such a statement of wealth.
In his mid-forties, he collaborated with D.Balasundaram to create India’s first indigenous motor. A company within Naidu’s group, called National Electric works, made the motor in 1937. He continued to invent, creating an electric razor that was manufactured in Germany.
            In 1941, he invented five-valve radios, focused on camera equipment, created a distance adjuster for film cameras. He had piqued his interest in agriculture to identify new forms and varieties of cotton, maize and papaya. He apparently had the entire building within eight hours time. It was a source of curiosity for Sir C.V. Raman and Mokshagundam Visvesvaraiah.

            G.D. Naidu began setting up several charitable and philanthropic foundations that helped under privileged sections of society. Despite his dislike for studies, he firmly believed the importance of education and made it his mission to set up the first polytechnic in India. It was later called Hope College, in Coimbatore. He was so passionate about education that in 1945 he was made the principal of the college (Government College of Technology). On 4th January 1974, Naidu passed away.  In the words of Sir C.V. Raman, G.D. Naidu was a great educator, an entrepreneur, a warm-hearted man and truly a man in millions.

First motor made in India in 1937 by G. D. N

 

In 1937, the first engine produced in India, was removed by the company of the group UMS by G D Nassim called National Electric Works. This created a revolution in the Coimbatore and led to the establishment of the number of small industries that produce bombs and engines. Now, Coimbatore is called the bomb city of Asia. Coimbatore's engine and pump industry offers two-thirds of Indian needs.

Among his other inventions were super thin blades, a distance for film cameras, a fruit juice extractor, an inviolable voting recording machine and a kerosene fan. In 1941, he announced that he had the ability to manufacture five-valve radio systems in India in just RS 70/-a system.

Two-seater petrol engine, built by G. D.N

 

In 1952, the two-seater gasoline engine car (which costs a single RS 2000/-) rolled. But production stopped later because of the government's refusal to grant the necessary permission. He wanted some precision blades/knives (he learned technique during one of his visits to Germany), but the government gave the license to make it to other people. It seems that some of these discards have destroyed him some of his inventions in frustration and perhaps even disheartened the great innovator who might have done much more. His inventive step was not limited to machines. It is said that he has grown ten-foot cotton plants, coconut trees that were 3 feet, plants with high yields with perfect organic methods for plants, which made it possible what Sir C V Raman called "" "botanicals". He also showed building houses within twenty-four hours at a cheaper price.

Despite some rejection of the government, he was warm, smiling, helping others and maintaining a positive attitude towards life. He was also a educator who initiated two world-class institutions in the year 1945, "Sir Arthur Hope College of Technology" and "Sir Arthur Hope Polytechnic". He gave the two institutions to the government. The two universities are now known as "the Government College of Technology (GCT)" and "the École Polytechnique de Coimbatore". Today, GCT is one of the first level engineering institutes in India.

 

G. D. Naidu has named his bus as a universal engine service and this service is offered with the spirit of the friendliness of the people. If a bus is troubled, G. D. Naidu will send another vehicle as soon as possible to repair it. This created a very good name for the Coimbatore people. The growth of the U.M.S. bus is very fast.

G. D. Naidu went to Europe to spend his summer time at 1932. G. D. Nassim went to the Marshalls and the cities Hanavel first in Germany. G. D. Naidu had the opportunity to see the scientific research centres in Germany. G. D. Nassim also went to the city of "Heilbronn" in Germany. Finally, he tested the manufacturing process of electric razors. The success of this research has brought a boost in their level of confidence in the invention of electric razors, which shaves the users more than the other options on the international market. He collected the knowledge in the research centres located in Germany. He also met with the engineers and discussed their ideas with them.

G. D. Naidu was an avid photographer and photography was his hobby and passion. 1935 he personally filmed the funeral of King George V in London. In 1936, he met Adolf Hitler in Germany (still photos of the Führer). Among the Indian pillars that captured the camera of G D Naidu were Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and Subbash Chandra Bose. G D Naidu remained a stranger in politics, despite the response and lost in the 1936 provincial parliamentary elections. It was a car equipped with Rolls-Royce and was the only one I had back then. During his travels abroad, Nassim always seemed to gain the appreciation of his innovations and his unity of the person.

 

 

G. D. Naidu (Gopalaswamy Doraiswamy Naidu) was a major inventor, engineer, educator and industrialist of the Coimbatore. His contributions were mainly industrial, but they also cover the fields of electrical engineering, mechanics, agriculture (hybrid culture) and automotive. It was also called Edison from India. You may be wondering why this man named Edison from India, but if you end reading this article you will understand the deep meaning behind this title.

SHORT NOTE :

G. D. Nasri was born on 23, 1893, in Kalangal, near Coimbatore. He only had elementary schools, but was distinguished as a versatile genius. G. D. Naidu has created problems for classmates, teachers at the time of their school life. In fact, even at an early age, he hated the system so much that he threw mud into his professor's face. So, of course, he was sent out of school and maybe it should be a very happy incident for our young G. D. Naidu!

Since childhood he has been interested in machines and motor vehicles. Once an English income agent Lanka Shyel came into its engine cycle. G. D. Naidu has not seen a motor cycle until Shyel has arrived in his hometown. One day the vehicle was in trouble. To solve the problem, Shyel ordered a certain amount of gasoline and a rag of waste from G. D. Naidu. He had given them and looked at him attentively. He remembered how Shyel rode this vehicle. This incident made the G. D. Naidu more curious on motorcycles. He also created an interest in seeing the life of the city. G. D. Naidu decided to leave and walked about sixteen miles. Finally, G. D. Naidu reached Coimbatore.

The atmosphere of the city created a different expectation in the spirit of G. D. Naidu. The buses, trains, motor vehicles, shops and the way of life of the Coimbatore have left it there. G. D. Naidu needs a little work, so he thought to work in a hotel in Coimbatore. Naidu had a small sum of salary. He saved the money for his own purpose. Finally, with a considerable amount of money, G. D. Naidu arrived in the house of Lanka Shyel. He asked this vehicle for a price

 

                               Gorur Ramaswamy Gopinath

Gorur Ramaswamy Gopinath is an entrepreneur and founder of the Indian airlines Air Deccan. He is a retired captain of the Indian Army, an author, a politician, and a multi millionaire, and he is considered by many to be a pioneer for low-cost air travel within India.

G.R. Gopinath was born on 13 November 1951 in the village of Gorur, in Karnataka, India. His father was a school teacher and a farmer. Due to living in a village in Karnataka, Gopinath attended a Kannada-medium school till fifth standard. As the headmaster informed all the students that an admissions examination was going to be held in their school for those wishing to later join the Defense Forces, he appeared for the test. Unfortunately, the examination was in English, so he failed in the examination. On discovering the paper was in English, the headmaster wrote a stern letter to the Ministry of Defense in Delhi. He even went so far as to challenge the validity of the examination, questioning why the ministry believed intelligence meant understanding English. This yielded good result as Gopinath and some of the other boys were invited to take the exam and they got through the exam with flying colors. He learnt an important lesson from his headmaster, one has to be proactive and try as hard as possible to steer things one’s way.
Gopinath joined the Sainik School, Bijapur, where the level of education was greater. He was chanced to serve as a captain in the Indian Army in several places in North India. He was part of the Bangladesh liberation war in 1971. Gopinath was among the many other members of the Indian Army who were involved in trying to diffuse the situation. The war eventually ended with the declaration of separate Bangladesh in December 1971. He travelled across the land of opportunity during his vacation. The trip to U.S. set a good example of the grit and confidence that he would later put to good use in India.
The active part of his life in the Indian Army came to an end when Gopinath resigned from his job. He returned home with little more than six thousand rupees. With the money he had a deal with his uncle and purchased ten acres of land. He took to farming and bear with the odds of life before meeting with success. His grit and determination paid off. He also met a woman and ended up marrying her during this period of time. He was the recipient of the Rolex Laureate Award, for establishing an ecologically sustainable sericulture farm.
Gopinath began to branch out and show his penchant for being proactive. He secured a deal with Royal Enfield and was able to start a business called Malnad Mobikes and also opened a hotel in Hasan. He was a man of numerous talents, started writing and frequently contributing articles in Kannada for magazines and agricultural publications. His experience led to him to start new ventures – Water Resource Management consultancy and supplying Irrigation systems.
Gopinath decided to try and tackle the world of politics. While helping his daughter with her education, he was exposed to major community issues including poverty and problems with Bangalore’s infrastructure. He met with several influential community leaders and over time invited by the Bharatiya Janata Party. However his first electoral foray was a disaster. He backed out of politics.
Colonel A.J. Sam was a pivotal figure in Gopinath’s life and a good friend in the army. After resigning, he had taken a freelance job as a helicopter pilot. Gopinath saw the value of such training and pictured the ease with which helicopters could transport vehicles, men and materials easily from one place to another. He decided to go into the transport business. He, A.J.Sam and Colonel Jayanth Poovaiah agreed to set up the business together, company named Deccan Aviation, the low-cost airline in 2003.
In 2006 Gopinath was knighted with the Chevelier de la Legion d’Honneur, the highest civilian award conferred by the French government. In 2007, Vijay Mallya, sensing the great potential in Air Deccan, met with Gopinath and together they decided to merge Air Deccan with Mallya’s airlines, Kingfisher Airlines. Since then, Gopinath has founded Deccan charters and Deccan 360, which focuses on cargo and the express logistics business. The future lies wide open to such great entrepreneurs like Gorur Ramaswamy Gopinath. 

Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman

                        Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman

The Great Indian physicist Chandrasekhar Venkata Raman, popularly known as C.V Raman, was born on 7th November, 1888 at Trichirapalli in Tamil Nadu. His father was a physics teacher and so it was natural that Raman developed love for this subject. He was a brilliant student from the very beginning. As a brilliant and promising lad, he passed his matriculation examination at the young age of 12 from Madras University.
His parents wanted to send him England for higher studies but his poor health did not allow it.

He studied at Hindu College, Visakhapatnam and Presidency College, Madras. He obtained his post-graduation degree in physics in 1907 with the top position. During his student period he conducted many researches and published his papers in many reputed magazines. In the same year, Raman got the first position in the Financial Service Examination and was appointed as the Assistant Accountant General in Calcutta. There he came in contact with an eminent scientist named Dr. Amritlal Sarkar who was Secretary of the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science. This contact with Dr. Sarkar proved a turning point in the life of this young scientist.
His interest in physics was deep and lasting and so he continued his research work in his spare time in the laboratory of the Association. He published his research results in the leading journals of Calcutta, which were in regard to the subject of propagation of light. These original research papers were of great scientific significance. When these came to the notice of the then Vice -Challenger of Calcutta University, Sir Ashutosh Mukharjee, he appointed him Professor of physics in the University. During his stay at the University he continued his research with much more devotion and won immense honour and recognition as a physicist.
He was elected the Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1924. He discovered the “Raman Effect” in 1928. For it he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1930. He became the first Indian to win this prestigious honour. With this award, his reputation increased by leaps and bounds and many Universities and institutions of repute honoured him with Ph D and D.Sc. degrees. In December, 1927 he was awarded the Nobel Prize for demonstrating that the nature of X-rays undergoes a change when passed through a matter.
This effect came to be known as the “Compton Effect.” Encouraged by this discovery, Raman continued his experiments and ultimately proved that light rays can also be scattered. His discovery enabled for the first time, the mapping of possible levels of energy gains of molecules and atoms of a substance and thus discovered their molecules and atomic structure. This discovery of the scattering of light led to the development of a simple alternative to infra-red spectroscopy, namely, Raman Spectroscopy. He also gave us the scientific explanation for the blue colour of the sky and the ocean. He explained that the blue color of the ocean was as a result of the scattering of sunlight by the molecules of the water. He travelled widely abroad delivering lectures about his discoveries and researches. In 1933 he became the Director of the Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore. In 1943 he founded the Raman Research Institute at Bangalore. He was knighted in 1927. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1954 and the International Lenin Prize in 1957.
  
Principles

K. Chandrasekhara Vincent Raman was born at 7.1888 in the city of Trichinopoly, the presidency of Madras, in British India. Today the city is known as Tiruchirappalli and is located in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

Raman's father was Che Rigaud, professor of Mathematics and physics. His mother was family, who learned to read and write for her husband. At the time of the birth of Raman, the family lived with low incomes. Raman was the second of eight children.

The Raman family was Brahman, the Hindu occupation of priests and scholars. His father, however, paid little attention to religious matters: Raman grew up to share his father without further attitude to religion, but he has observed some Hindu cultural rituals and respected traditions such as vegetarianism.

When Raman was four years old, his father got a better job, becoming a college professor, and the family moved to Waltair (now Visakhapatnam).

From a very young age, Raman was interested in science, reading the books that his father had used as a student. As he grew older, he started borrowing books of mathematics and physics from his father's library. In his teenage years, he began to learn books that his father had bought when he wanted to take a master's degree in physics.

Start of a class, 14 years

In 1903, only 14 years old, Raman left for the great city of Chennai (now Chennai) to live in a hostel and to start a bachelor's degree at the University of the presidency. When Raman returned home after his first year at the university, his parents were shaken by his unhealthy appearance; They have set up a house for him in Madras, where he could be cared for by his grandparents.

Raman was very enthusiastic about science. On vacation he would demonstrate experiences of his younger siblings.

He completed his bachelor's degree in 1904 and won medals in physics and English. His British professors encouraged him to study for a master's degree in the UK. However, the Madras civil Surgeons told him that his health was not robust enough to withstand the British climate; He advised Raman to stay in India.

It was probably an excellent tip. The brilliant mathematician Ramanujan, born only a year before Raman, travelled from Madras to work at the University of Cambridge in 1914. Although this has resulted in the creation of some brilliant mathematical works, it has had a serious impact on the health of Ramanujan.

Nobel laureate 18 years Raman error for physics teacher

Raman received a scholarship and remained at the University of the presidency to study his master's degree. His extraordinary potential was acknowledged, and he gained unlimited access to the laboratories, where he pursued the investigations of his own design.

In November 1906, 18, Raman made his first published academic work. At first he had given one of his professors to read, but the professor had not bothered. Raman sent his work directly to the philosophical journal and was accepted. Its title was asymmetrical streaks through a rectangular aperture: it was about the behavior of light.

After the publication of his second role in the philosophical Journal, Raman received a letter from Lord Rayleigh, the eminent British physicist. Rayleigh, not knowing that Raman was just a teenage student, sent his letter to "Professor Raman".

In 1907, 19, Raman has awarded a Master's degree in physics, the highest award.

Fulltime government administrator, part-time scientist

Although Raman was engaged in a scientific career, his brother persuaded him to rely on the examinations of the public administration. The jobs of the public administration were very well paid and his family was deeply indebted.

For 10 years Raman worked as an officer in the Department of Indian Finance in Calcutta (now Kolkata) and quickly rose to a higher position. In his spare time, he carried out research into the physics of instruments and string drums. He has done this work on the Indian Association for the Culture of Science ("" ").

The castle was Hibernating until Raman stumbled upon him and to revive him. In addition to his research work, Raman has given public lectures in Calcutta popularizing science.

Finally, full time science

Although it was a chair of research, Raman also decided to teach the courses: He was an exciting teacher and inspired his students.

The Raman effect

Raman and Rayleigh dispersion

Lord Rayleigh, who had believed that the papers of the young Raman were the work of a professor, was one of the great physicists of his time. He won the 1904 Nobel Prize in Physics.

Its significance for the history of Raman is that Rayleigh was the first to explain why the sky is blue. He had then declared the color of the sea by saying that it was simply a reflection of the color of the sky.

One day, in the summer of 1921, Raman was on the deck of a ship in the Mediterranean on the way to the British Empire Universities Congress in Oxford. He looked at the beautiful blue color of the Mediterranean and to doubt the Rayleigh explanation of its color.

Rayleigh had correctly stated that the sky looks blue due to a phenomenon that is now called the Rayleigh dispersion.

Rayleigh scattering

Approximate representation of the Rayleigh dispersion in the terrestrial atmosphere.

If the earth had no atmosphere, someone who was here through these circumstances would see a white sun and a black sky. This is not what we see, however, because the sunlight interacts with the gases in the Earth's atmosphere.

Instead of directly in our eyes from the sun, the sunlight disperses in all directions through the atmosphere. The blue light is more dispersed, which means that it comes to our eyes from all over the sky, so that the sky looks blue. The yellow and red light scatters at least, so we usually see a yellow sun, and sometimes a red sun.

The Rayleigh dispersion is elastic. This means that photons of light do not lose the energy when they interact with the gas molecules. The light is therefore kept of the same color.

Raman discovers that the sea disperses the light

When he sailed to India in September 1921 Raman, an indefatigable scholar, had to rub with him some simple physics devices: A prism, a miniature spectroscopy, and a grating. He used them to study the sky and the sea and reached the conclusion that the sea diffused the light.

Therefore, if Rayleigh said that the color of the sea is simply a reflection of the color of the sky, it was not quite right. Raman reported on his discoveries in a letter to the nature journal.

When he returned to his laboratory, Raman and his students began a comprehensive research programme on the Diffusion of light.

Compton shows inelastic dispersion

At 1923 Arthur Compton in St. Louis, USA released a new and exciting work showing that X-rays can lose energy when interacting with electrons. X-rays give a portion of their energy to electrons, then move to bring less energy. In other words, Compton has shown that elastic diffusion is possible.

Compton received the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery, known as the Compton effect.

The importance of the Compton effect is that in classical electrodynamics, the diffusion of X-rays and other electromagnetic radiation must always be elastic. Compton's results coincide with quantum theory and not classical theory.

The inelastic dispersion discovered by Compton caused an increase in the X-ray wavelengths. If the elastic dispersion and thus the wavelengths were possible for visible light, then the color of the light would change.

The Raman effect

Raman and his students have continued to investigate the dispersion of light in gases, liquids and solids.

They used the monochrome light sunlight that had been filtered to leave a single color-and found that a variety of different liquids-60 of them-actually changed the color of the light. They first observed the April 1923, but very weak.

In 1927, they found a particularly strong color change in light scattered by glycerin (then called glycerin):

The Raman team observed the impact on gases, crystals and glass. The effect may have been mistaken for fluorescence, another phenomenon in which the light changed its color, but in Raman work the light dispersed by the liquids Polarized that spread the fluorescence.

What became known as the Raman effect-a color change accompanied by the polarization-n ' avait never seen before. The inelastic dispersion in his heart was a more, very strong affirmation of quantum theory.

 

Approximate appearance of the Raman effect

Raman effect

(a) The blue light approaches a molecule, then (b) The green light of the low energy leaves the molecule. It is an elastic dispersion: the light has given a part of its energy to the molecule, making it vibrate more strongly.

The Raman effect is a very small effect compared to the dispersion of the Rayleigh. Only about 1 in 10 million photons are subject to the elastic dispersion.

Raman and his colleague Kaki Krishnan reported on their discovery in March 1928 in nature.

Raman received the 1930 Nobel Prize in Physics to "work on the diffusion of light and by discovering the effect that bears the name."

Raman spectroscopy

Raman has shown that the energy of the dispersed photons is inelastically dispersed as a "footprint" of the substance of light. Raman spectroscopy is therefore used in chemical laboratories around the world to identify substances. It is also used in medicine to study living cells and tissues-also by detecting cancer-without damaging. Laser light instead of sunlight is used as a source of photons.

Photon spin

In 1932 Raman and his student Suri Bhagavantam discovered that bright photons have a angular momentum-quantum terms have photons a property called spin.

Light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation pass their angular dynamics to the atoms that absorb them.

Some personal data and the end

Raman married Lokasundari Ammaal en 1907. The couple had two children: this was a famous astronomer and Che.

Raman was named Chevalier en 1929 for his discovery of the Raman effect and became Sir K. Chandrasekhara Vincenta Raman.

The winning work of the Nobel Raman Prize was first inspired by the comments he made on a maritime voyage. By the way, it was during a ride at sea that another Nobel laureate, Subrahmanyan Che, performed most of his work as a Nobel laureate. And still occasionally, C.V. Raman was Che's uncle!

Raman had the highest confidence in its own capacity. When the president of Palit's physics was donated to the University of Calcutta, one of the conditions was that the incumbent operator would conduct research in other countries to strengthen Indian expertise. Raman refused to do that. He said that scientists from other countries should come to learn from him. I was so sure that I would win the 1930 Nobel Prize, that I had announced tickets for Sweden four months before the winner.

In 1933, Raman became the first Indian director of the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore. In 1947, he became the first independent national teacher in India. In 1948, he founded the Raman Research Institute in Bangalore, where he worked until the end of his life.

He was cautious that governments played a role in basic research and rejected state funding for their work:

K. Chandrasekhara Vincenta Raman died, 82 years, heart disease November 21, 1970 in Bangalore, India